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Launched in 1960, Echo 1 was one of the first attempts to assess requirements and techniques for conducting communications via space. The satellite was a remarkably simple device: A reflective sphere 30 meters (100 feet) in diameter. Serving as a "mirror" in space, signals directed at the satellite from one location on Earth reflected back down to another location. By the time Echo 2 was launched in 1964, other types of communications satellites had proven superior, and researchers used the Echos primarily for scientific experiments.

Echo satellites posed a unique technical challenge. They were essentially balloons sent into orbit folded flat and then inflated in space. Inflation had to proceed carefully to ensure the integrity of the satellite's surface.

This artifact is a final-stage rocket for carrying the satellite to its orbit. It was transferred from NASA to the Museum in 1979.

 Display Status

This object is not on display at the National Air and Space Museum. It is either on loan or in storage.
Object Details
Country of Origin United States of America Type SPACECRAFT-Uncrewed Manufacturer North American Aviation Inc.
 Dimensions Storage (Rehoused on aluminum pallet with three additional objects): 153.7 × 179.1 × 104.1cm, 222.3kg (60 1/2 × 70 1/2 × 41 in., 490lb.)
 Materials Steel, Paint, Aluminum, Plastic, Adhesive, Wood, Paper
 Inventory Number A19791315002 Credit Line Transferred from NASA, Langley Research Center Data Source National Air and Space Museum Restrictions & Rights Usage conditions apply
For more information, visit the Smithsonians Terms of Use.