Growth of cloud droplets in a turbulent environment
Grabowski, W. W., & Wang, L. -P. (2013). Growth of cloud droplets in a turbulent environment. Annual Review Of Fluid Mechanics, 45, 293-324. doi:10.1146/annurev-fluid-011212-140750
Motivated by the need to resolve the condensation-coalescence bottleneck in warm rain formation, a significant number of studies have emerged in the past 15 years concerning the growth of cloud droplets by water-vapor diffusion and by collision-coalescence in a turbulent environment. With regard ... Show moreMotivated by the need to resolve the condensation-coalescence bottleneck in warm rain formation, a significant number of studies have emerged in the past 15 years concerning the growth of cloud droplets by water-vapor diffusion and by collision-coalescence in a turbulent environment. With regard to condensation, recent studies suggest that small-scale turbulence alone does not produce a significant broadening of the cloud-droplet spectrum because of the smearing of droplet-scale fluctuations by rapid turbulent and gravitational mixing. However, different diffusional-growth histories associated with large-eddy hopping could lead to a significant spectral broadening. In contrast, small-scale turbulence in cumulus clouds makes a significant contribution to the collision-coalescence of droplets, enhancing the collection kernel up to a factor of 5, especially for droplet pairs with a low gravitational collision rate. This moderate level of enhancement has a significant impact on warm rain initiation. The multiscale nature of turbulent cloud microphysical processes and open research issues are delineated throughout Show less