University of New Mexico.

The University of New Mexico was established by the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of New Mexico in 1889. It was to be located in Albuquerque. Elias Stover was appointed the first president. The new institution opened in rented rooms as a summer normal school, June 15, 1892, beginning regular instruction on September 21st in the first building erected on the campus. In 1901 Dr. William G. Tight became president. He introduced the "Pueblo Style" architecture for the University buildings. Under President David Ross Boyd, July 1912-June 1919, the campus was extended to over 300 acres.

From the description of Records, 1889-1927. (University of New Mexico-Main Campus). WorldCat record id: 40095247

The University of New Mexico was established by the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of New Mexico in 1889. It was to be located in Albuquerque. Elias Stover was appointed the first president. The new institution opened as a summer Normal School, in rented rooms on June 15, 1892. Regular instruction began on September 21st in the first building erected on the campus. In 1901 Dr. William G. Tight became president. He introduced the "Pueblo Style" architecture for the University buildings. Under President David Ross Boyd, July 1912-June 1919, the campus was extended to over 300 acres.

From the guide to the University of New Mexico Records, 1889-1927, (Center for Southwest Research, University of New Mexico.)

José Guadalupe Posada, illustrator, engraver, and etcher, was born in Aguascalientes, Mexico in 1852. For a short while, he worked at Antonio Vanegas Arroyo's studio. His popularity began in the years following the Mexican Revolution, and he is now considered one of Mexico's greatest printmakers. Vanegas Arroyo estimates that Posada produced more than 15,000 engravings, devoted to expressing the sorrows, joys, and hopes of the Mexican people. Diego Rivera wrote that "[a] study of his work would give a complete picture of the social life of the Mexican people... In Posada's work everything and everybody is caricatured as skeleton, from the cat to the cook, from Porfirio Díaz to Zapata, including the farmer, the artisan, the dandy, not to mention the worker, the peasant and indeed the Spanish coloniser." Posada died in 1913, soon after the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. He was buried in a pauper's grave.

From the guide to the Mexican Chapbook Collection, 1880-1967 (bulk 1880-1919), (University of New Mexico. Center for Southwest Research.)

The University of New Mexico was established by a legislative act in 1889 (1889 Laws of N.M., Chp. 138, Sec. 1). It is located in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

From the description of University of New Mexico records, 1899-[ongoing]. (Santa Fe Public Library). WorldCat record id: 37787177

Elfego Baca. Part of the Identified Persons Pictorial Collection PICT 992-014 (Box 1, Folder 1).

Elfego Baca was one of New Mexico's more colorful characters. Regarded as both a bad guy and a good guy, Baca's life was full of controversy, drama, and humor. He pursued careers as lawyer, private detective, real estate dealer, newspaper publisher, sheriff, county clerk, school superintendent, mayor, district attorney, and candidate for governor of New Mexico and for U.S. House of Representatives. Baca was also known as a pioneer gunfighter.

Baca was born in Socorro, New Mexico. Although his father (Francisco Baca) moved the family to Kansas for part of his youth, Elfego returned to Socorro and from there launched into his political career. He was elected Socorro County Clerk in 1893, and served in this capacity until 1896. During his tenure as county clerk, Baca was admitted to the bar. From 1896-1898, he was mayor of the city of Socorro. He then became school superintendent for Socorro county from 1900-1901. Governor Otero appointed him district attorney for Socorro and Sierra counties in 1905; in 1906, he complied with a request to resign this position. The last elected office that he held was sheriff of Socorro county, 1919-1920.

Baca practiced law in Albuquerque during his later years. He died at his home in Albuquerque on August 27, 1945.

From the guide to the Elfego Baca Collection, 1904-1945 (bulk 1934-1945), (University of New Mexico. Center for Southwest Research.)

In April 1861 the American Civil War began with the shelling of Fort Sumter near Charleston, S.C. America's costliest war lasted until April 1865. When it was over more than 620,000 Americans had been killed, the American national identity was preserved and chattel slavery ended.

Both the North and the South used various methods of propaganda to promote their causes. One was the patriotic envelope; a device also used during other American wars. Envelopes were decorated with flags, mottos, patriotic symbols and devices, portraits of generals, and small cartoons and caricatures providing commentary on the progress of the war and the changing sentiments of the people who used them. The envelopes reflect patriotism, sentimentality, and the realities of a soldier's life during wartimes. They also document battles, pay tribute to heroes, and satirize opposing views. These images were taken from lithographic cartoons or were drawn especially for the purpose of illustrating the envelopes. There are almost 2,500 distinct examples of Union patriotic envelopes; produced by more than 277 envelope printers and manufacturers during the Civil War. The illustrations range from simple drawings or engravings to elaborate lithographed scenes in nearly full-color. The envelopes were sometimes issued in series, with several numbered versions of a particular image.

From the guide to the U.S. Civil War Collection, 1858-1926, (University of New Mexico. Center for Southwest Research.)

Frieda Emma Johanna Maria von Richthofen was born on August 11, 1879 in Metz, France. She was the second of three daughters of Baron Friedrich von Richthofen, a soldier and civil service official in Metz. Before she turned 20, Frieda had married Professor Ernest Weekley. They moved to Nottingham, and had three children.

In 1912, Frieda met David Herbert (D. H.) Lawrence, who was one of Weekley's students. They immediately fell in love and within a month, left together for Germany. D. H. and Frieda married in 1914. Frieda Lawrence was intimately involved in D. H. Lawrence's work. Facets of her personality are often discernable as components of characters in his poems and novels. She inspired D. H. by her "unconventional behavior, beauty, gaity, and sensuality." Both Frieda and D. H. Lawrence had volatile personalities; consequently, their relationship was often "fiery." After his death at Venice in 1930, Frieda settled in New Mexico. In 1952 she married Italian artist, Angelo Ravagli. Frieda Lawrence died in Taos on August 11, 1956 at the age of 77. She was an author in her own right, probably best known for "Not I, but the Wind ...".

From the guide to the Collection of Papers on Frieda Lawrence, 1943-1958, (The University of New Mexico. Center for Southwest Research.)

Secretary of War, Henry Stimson notified the Los Alamos Ranch School via a letter dated December 1, 1942, that the Army planned to take over their property in February 1943. The property would be converted to a secret nuclear weapons design laboratory, under the direction of J. Robert Oppenheimer. The site was chosen because of its isolation, because the climate was conducive to year round work, and because the topography was appropriate for dispersal of many facilities.

Although the Los Alamos Ranch School provided some housing and office facilities, the new laboratory required construction of technical buildings, barracks, family housing, office space, streets, utilities, an infirmary, etc. Construction proved challenging because Los Alamos was far from sources of labor and construction materials, 40 miles from the nearest railroad, roads were inadequate, there was insufficient water, no natural gas and a limited electrical supply.

Less than 2 1/2 years after Los Alamos was formally opened, the scientists had succeeded in producing a nuclear weapon. On August 6 and 9, 1945, Hiroshima and Nagasaki were destroyed by the first atomic bombs used in warfare, leading to the end of World War II. The war's end saw many technical and military personnel leave Los Alamos. Passage of the Atomic Energy Act in 1946 secured the future of the Los Alamos Project, under the direction of the Atomic Energy Commission, and under civilian rather than military management.

From the guide to the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Collection, 1942-1963, 1942-1949, (University of New Mexico. Center for Southwest Research.)