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Amino Acid Sequences and Distribution of High-Potential Iron–Sulfur Proteins That Donate Electrons to the Photosynthetic Reaction Center in Phototropic Proteobacteria

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Abstract

High-potential iron-sulfur protein (HiPIP) has recently been shown to function as a soluble mediator in photosynthetic electron transfer between the cytochrome bc1 complex and the reaction-center bacteriochlorophyll in some species of phototrophic proteobacteria, a role traditionally assigned to cytochrome c2. For those species that produce more than one high-potential electron carrier, it is unclear which protein functions in cyclic electron transfer and what characteristics determine reactivity. To establish how widespread the phenomenon of multiple electron donors might be, we have studied the electron transfer protein composition of a number of phototrophic proteobacterial species. Based upon the distribution of electron transfer proteins alone, we found that HiPIP is likely to be the electron carrier of choice in the purple sulfur bacteria in the families Chromatiaceae and Ectothiorhodospiraceae, but the majority of purple nonsulfur bacteria are likely to utilize cytochrome c2. We have identified several new species of phototrophic proteobacteria that may use HiPIP as electron donor and a few that may use cytochromes c other than c2. We have determined the amino acid sequences of 14 new HiPIPs and have compared their structures. There is a minimum of three sequence categories of HiPIP based upon major insertions and deletions which approximate the three families of phototrophic proteobacteria and each of them can be further subdivided prior to construction of a phylogenetic tree. The comparison of relationships based upon HiPIP and RNA revealed several discrepancies.

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Notes

  1. 1 Genus abbreviations used: Ach., Allochromatium; Atb., Acidithiobacillus; Blc., Blastochloris; Ect., Ectothiorhodospira; Hch., Halochromatium; Hlr., Halorhodospira; Ich., Isochromatium; Mch., Marichromatium; Psp., Phaeospirillum; Ral., Ralstonia; Rba., Rhodobacter; Rbi., Rhodobium; Rcs., Rhodocista; Rcy., Rhodocyclus; Rfx., Rhodoferax; Rmi., Rhodomicrobium; Rpi., Rhodopila; Rps., Rhodopseudomonas; Rsp., Rhodospirillum; Rhv., Rhodovibrio; Rdv., Rhodovulum; Rvi., Rubrivivax; Tch., Thermochromatium; Tba., Thiobacillus; Tca., thiocapsa; Tco., Thiococcus; Tcs., Thiocystis.

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Acknowledgements

J.V.B. is indebted to the Fund for Scientific Research–Flanders for Research Grant 3G028201. This work was also supported in part by Grant Fi 295/1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to U.F. and by Grant GM21277 from the National Institutes of Health to M.A.C. We wish to thank Prof. Dr. H. G. Trüper for the gift of Ectothiorhodospira shaposnikovii high-potential iron–sulfur proteins. B.S. is a Postdoctoral Fellow of the Fund for Scientific Research—Flanders (F.W.O.-Vlaanderen, Belgium).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Physiology and Microbiology, Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Protein Engineering, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

    G. Van Driessche, I. Vandenberghe, B. Devreese, B. Samyn & J. J. Van Beeumen

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA

    T. E. Meyer, R. Leigh, M. A. Cusanovich & R. G. Bartsch

  3. Abteilung Marine Mikrobiologie, Fachbereich 2 und Zentrum für Umweltforschung und Umwelttechnologie, Universität Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany

    U. Fischer

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  1. G. Van Driessche
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  2. I. Vandenberghe
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  3. B. Devreese
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  4. B. Samyn
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  5. T. E. Meyer
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  6. R. Leigh
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  7. M. A. Cusanovich
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  8. R. G. Bartsch
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  9. U. Fischer
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  10. J. J. Van Beeumen
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Correspondence to J. J. Van Beeumen.

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Van Driessche, G., Vandenberghe, I., Devreese, B. et al. Amino Acid Sequences and Distribution of High-Potential Iron–Sulfur Proteins That Donate Electrons to the Photosynthetic Reaction Center in Phototropic Proteobacteria . J Mol Evol 57, 181–199 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-003-2465-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-003-2465-y

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