"敵国降伏 Tekikoku kōfuku" (Enemy surrendered), 1944 August 31

Date

1944 August 31

Summary

The Enemy Surrendered retells the historical narrative of the second Mongol invasion in Japan in 1281. The origin story of kamikaze, the divine wind, was born when storms expelled the Mongols from Japan in 1274 and 1281. The paper play highlights samurai’s valor. The moral of the story is the importance of national unity in the face of fighting with adversaries and devotion to the imperial family.

Archival processing title

"敵国降伏 Tekikoku kōfuku" (Enemy surrendered)

Creator/Contributor

Producer

Nihon Kyōiku Kamishibai Kyōkai

Artist

Torii, Kiyonobu, 1900-1976

Editor

Suzuki, Keizan

Transcription

Card 20
敵國降伏
原作 足立 直郎　繪畫 鳥居 淸言　編輯 鈴木 景山　製作 日本敎育紙芝居協會
(表紙の説明) 鎌倉山の朝の靜りさを破って、 戛々さ轟く蹄の音は 執権北條時宗の舘の前で止まった。「門を開けい! 門を開りい! 政所からの急ぎの使者、影崎八郞太だ。」
(静かに抜く)

Card 1
(北条時宗)
「八郞太。あはただしく何事か?」
(八郎太)
「は;。只今、九州太宰府から 早馬が到着。
すぐ 政所に 御出仕下さいますよう…」
(時宗)
「何? 九州太宰府からの早馬とな。
よし、すぐに参る。
評定衆の人々も、すぐ政所に集るよう沙汰をせよ。が、ハ郞太。
あはてた樣を人に見せて、笑はれるなよ、よいか。」
「ははッ。恐れ入りました。」
（間）（抜く）

Card 2
その翌くる朝、
極樂寺坂を一散に 政所へと飛ぶ 第二の使者。
九百餘隻の 元の軍船が、わが壹岐・對島を侵し、 博多灣頭に押し寄せたのである。
時に、弘安四年六月、風雲忽ち、急を吿けた。
（ぬく）

Card 3
(武士)「騷ぐな、人々 あわててはならぬ。 徒らに輕はづみな言葉を弄んで取り亂す場合ではないぞ。 たとヘ十萬の敵が攻め寄せて來ようミも…」
(群衆甲)「えッ。文永のいくさにこりずに又、攻め寄せて來たのですが?」 (群衆乙)『それは大變だ。この鎌倉にも攻めて來ますか?」
(武士)「すでに 戰ひは始まりてゐる。しかし、 我れに鎌倉男兒あり、恐るる所は少しも無い! が、侮って輕く見る事もいけないぞ。 ただ國民が一つ心に力を協せて、この國難を乘りきるのだ!
各自 おのれの職場を守り、御奉公の誠を つくす時だぞ".」
(ぬきながら)
矢つぎ早に傳はる九州の戦況に、

Card 4
日本人の血は奮ひ起った。
鎧、胃、弓、刀、― 用意をさをさ怠りなく 世界無敵と誇る敵軍に、
今度こそ十二分に日本刀の切れ味を見ぜて、日本魂の强さをはっきり思ひ知らせてやるぞ! さうした間にも、 次々と傳はる敵の樣子。 すぐる文永の役にもこえた、正に我が國始まって以來の大國難!
（ぬく）

Card 5
(短 い 間)
畏多くも龜山上皇は神國の歷史を汚さるる事は皇祖に對して申譯なしと大御心をいため給ひ 伊勢皇大神宮に卸身を以て この國難に代らん とまでお祈り遊ばされたのである。 尙其の上に、神々に御祈願、 二十一社、御陵八陵に御使をたてさせ給ふむざ全く皇國始まって以來の大難。
(靜かにぬく)

Card 6
(義政)「時宗殿。敵は十萬にあまる大軍とのこと、萬がーにも九州太宰府が敵軍の爲に踏みにぢられ この神國が 汚されるような事にでもなったら…」
(時宗)「義政殿。勿體なくも この國難に代らんとの 大御心を漏れ承けたまはって、時宗は身の置き處もない思ひです。 時宗の心は、ただまつしぐらに敵擊滅に進むのみ。關東の精兵を率いる、時宗自ら陣頭に立って敵を對へ屍を野にさらすとも、誓って 敵を擊滅します。」
(義政)「よく申された、時宗殿。その决心と覺悟こそ千萬カといふものだ。 それを聞いて 叔父も安心しましたぞ。」
（静かにぬく）

Card 7
元軍來る、北より来る。
文永の敗戰にこりもせず、今度こそは日本本土を占領せんものと、東と南の二手に分れ まづ 東路軍四萬は 九百餘隻の舳を揃弘安四年六月五日、
防備手薄だった壹岐の島を荒した上、博多灣に堂々と攻め寄せた。 しかし、わが方は 松浦潟から博多灣を經て、長門の沿岸四里の間、堅固な石壘を築き、敵船來らば!と
(ぬぎながら)
待構へてゐたのである。

Card 8
少弐入道覺惠父子、大友貞親、菊池武房等をはじめ 九州・四國の兵ども、箭先を揃へて射いけるそのすさまじい勢に、流石の敵も出端を挫かれ文永の時のやうに、直ぐに上陸する事が出來ない。
その上夜になると
（ぬきながら)
唐津の住人草野次郞を はじめとし、

Card 9
思ひ思ひに 小舟を漕ぎ出し、得意の夜襲で 敵の膽を奪ふのであった。中にも、河野通有は、文永の役の後 十年のうちに敵が攻め寄ぜて來ない時はこちらから出かけて行って討ちこらしてやると誓を立てた程の武勇の士。
何で愚圖々々してゐられよう。
(ぬきながら)
部下を率ゐて 二艘の小舟。敵船に近寄り

Card 10
早くも檣を倒して、よぢ渡る
(河野通有)「者共、續けッ。」
この豪膽な振舞に敵は狼狽へ逃げ廻る。
(兵たち)
「それッ、大將に遲れるなツ」
中には弓を執って應戰する敵の中へ飛び込んで、
(ぬく)

Card 11
當るを幸ひなき倒し、斬り伏せ、 踏み潰し、
またたくうちに死人の山。昔も今も變りないわが軍の勇猛果敢な働きに、悲鳴をあげて助けを乞ふ者、畏れ戰いて 海へ飛び込む者敵兵は さんざんに討たれ、傷いた。この時、河野通有は 目指すは敵の大將と、
(ぬきながら)
おどりかかって、首筋をむんずとつかみ、

Card 12
(河野通有) 「敵の大將は河野通有が生捕つたぞ。
さア、者共、引き上けよ。」通有の命令一下、潮の引くように一同元の小舟に飛び移る。又もわが軍に、勝鬨が上がった。
(しづかに ぬきがら)
かうして 敵に わが本土を踏ませず 敵は不得手な海戰に 次第に退いたといふものの 尙戰ひは一進一退、勝つか、負りるか、敵も味方も必死であった。

Card 13
敵國降伏。（てきこく・こうふく）
國土安穩。(こくど・あんのん)
一滴の水も、一寸の土も、皆朝恩でないものはない。我が國を侵さうとする敵と 今、必死の戰ひを續りる前線の勇士達に應へて國民は皆起ち上がった。必勝の信念を心に深く彫りつけ 銃後の力を戰ひの爲に! 町でも、村でも、山でも、里でも、濱でも、日本國民たる者は一人殘らず この国難に打ち克って大御心を安んじ奉らうさ、天に祈り、地に誓った。
（静かにぬく）

Card 14
(時宗)「わが日本は神の國。神始め給ひ、 神治め給ひ、-神護り給ふ 貴い國。 敵は幾十幾百萬ありとても、何で恐れよう。
正義はわれに在る! 勝利は神の國日本に在る!」
儼として動ぜぬ北條時宗。
銃後の國民は賴母しく感じ、 前線の勇士逹は益々奮ひ起った。

（ぬきながら）
かくて戰はニケ月に及び、

Card 15
敵新手の江南軍十萬、三千五百餘隻の敵船が、七月下旬に着いたので、一旦退いた東路軍は、ここに之れと合して、勇氣百倍。 今度こそー氣、本土に上陸し、 得意の石火矢を放って日本軍を殲滅せんものと再び博多灣頭に突き進んだ 七月二十九日。

（ぬきながら）

ところが その夜から俄かのあらし。

Card 16
(河野通有)「通忠、外は凄まじい暴風雨になった樣だな。」河野通有は二十歳の若櫻、わが子通忠の元氣溢れる面を 賴母しく見つめ乍ら、 「かうして敵と戰ひつつ、はや二ケ月だ。
このさき、何年かからうとも、あく迄戰ひぬき 誓って敵を斥けようぞ。父が戰死したら、その屍を乘りこえて、進み父の仇を必ず討てよ」
(通忠)「はい。通忠は、お父樣の子として 恥かしくない働きをします。」
更りゆく夜と共に、外は益々激しい雨風。
(はやくぬく)

Card 17
(今井九郎)「殿、殿。敵が、敵軍が…」
(河野通有) 「おお、九郎か、どうした？心配する事はない。靜かに寢て居れ、傷に惡い。」
(九郎)「いえ、殿。ねては居られません。 この位の傷で、九郞は寝てなど居られません、たださき程から、外の暴風雨の音に交って
あれ、あの物すさまじい響は、何事で御座いませう?」
(河野通有)「何? 何?
（ぬきながら）
「おお、物すさまじい響は!」

Card 18
（間）
(河野通有)
「神風! 神風だ!」
おお、神風か吹く!
神といふ神々たち、雲となり、風となり、雷となり、雨となり
國の敵を摧き、敵の船を覆へす。神風は吹く! 神々の心のままに
（閒）
（ぬきながら）
神風は博多灣を吹きまくり、 國にふりかかる よこしまを拂って、

Card 19
麗々と明けはなれた 弘安四年閏七月一日。
（短い間）
敵軍擊滅のしらせを聞こし召された 龜山上皇の御製。
四方の海波をさまりてのどかなる わが日の本に春は來にけり。大君の御稜威の下に 北條時宗以下國民は心を協せて 敵に當り、 この大勝利を 擧げたのであった。

(終)

Translation of transcription

Card 20
Enemy surrendered
Original screenplay: Naorō Adachi; Artist: Kiyonobu Torii; Editor: Keizan Suzuki; Production: Nihon Kyōiku Kamishibai Kyōkai (The Association of Japanese Educational Kamishibai)

(Explanation of the cover)
Piercing through the quiet morning of the Kamakura mountain, the galloping sound of a young horse stopped in front of the residence of regent Hōjō Tokimune.

(Pull the slide quietly.)


Card 1
HACHIRŌTA
Open the gates! Open the gates! A fast horse has arrived from the government office! This is Kagesaki Hachirōta!

HŌJŌ TOKIMUNE
Hachirōta, What's this pressing matter?

HACHIRŌTA
Sir, a fast horse has arrived from Dazaifu, Kyushu at this moment. You are requested to report to the government office immediately.

HŌJŌ TOKIMUNE
What? A fast horse arrived from Dazaifu, Kyushu.
Understood. I’ll immediately report.
Request all the members of the State Council to gather at the government office immediately.
But, Hachirōta, don't show your helter-skelter attitude, or you may be taken for a fool.

HACHIRŌTA
Yes, Sir. You're absolutely right.

(Pull the slide.)

Card 2
NARRATOR
The following morning, a second messenger runs like a bird to the government office on the slope to the Gokuraku temple.
About 900 Yuan naval ships attacked our Iki and Tsushima islands and are now approaching Hakata Bay.
This news traveled quickly in July 1281.

(Pull the slide.)

Card 3
SAMURAI
You must not make a fuss or take any actions in haste. Don't spread careless words amongst yourselves even if 100,000 enemies should come to attack us.

CROWD 1
Oh, my God. The Mongols came to attack us again, despite the battle of Bun’ei?

CROWD 2
That's terrible. Are they coming to Kamakura to attack us?

SAMURAI
The battle has already begun. However, we Kamakura men have nothing to fear. Nonetheless, we should not belittle them and take it lightly. We shall be united and overcome this difficulty!
Each of you should go back to your work and render your sincere service.

(As you pull the slide)

NARRATOR
The quickly arriving news about the battle in Kyushu,

Card 4
NARRATOR (continued)
Excited Japanese blood.
Armor, arrows, swords—We should diligently prepare for this battle. Let's show the sharpness of the Japanese sword to the world’s so-called invincible enemy and make the strength of the Japanese spirit known to them.
Meanwhile, report after report about the enemy arrived. This was by far the most significant national crisis ever in our history, far exceeding the first Mongol invasion.

(Pull the slide.)

Card 5
NARRATOR (continued)
(A short pause)
Respectable Emperor Emeritus Kameyama was deeply concerned about this disgraceful historical event happening to the country of the Gods. He prayed for the country at the Ise shrine, willing to sacrifice himself for the nation. On top of this, he prayed to the gods and sent messengers to 21 shrines and eight Imperial tumuli to weather the most significant difficulty ever in this Imperial land.

(Pull the slide quietly.)

Card 6
YOSHIMASA
Sir Tokimune, I heard that the number of enemies is approaching a hundred thousand. What if they conquered Dazaifu, Kyushu and disgraced this land of gods?

TOKIMUNE
Sir Yoshimasa, hearing Kameyama Emperor Emeritus’ willingness to sacrifice himself for the country, I am in no place to sit still anymore. My soul goes straight to the battlefield to annihilate the enemy. I swear to destroy the enemy, leading the best soldiers of Kanto, and to turn the enemy into a mound of bodies in the field.

YOSHIMASA
You said it right. Your determination and commitment equal more than thousands, even tens of thousands of forces. I feel relieved.

(Pull the slide quietly.)

Card 7
NARRATOR
The Mongol armies are coming. They're coming from the north.
Despite the defeat of the first invasion, the Mongols are determined to occupy the entirety of Japan. They divided the forces into two, the East and the South. The Eastern troops, 40,000 of them, rampaged through the poorly guarded Ikki island on June 5, 1281. The strong 900-ship fleet brazenly attacked Hakata Bay. However, passing from Matsuragata to the Hakata Bay, our army built a 16-kilometer-long strong stone defense along the coast in Nagato and ambushed the enemy,

(As you pull the slide)

NARRATOR (continued)
when the enemy ships arrived!

Card 8
NARRATOR (continued)
Father and son Shōni and monk Kakuei, Otomo Sadachika, Kikuchi Takefusa, and others led the soldiers from Kyushu and Shikoku. They bravely shot arrows in the front line and took the wind out of the Mongol’s sails. They would not allow the enemy to land.
When the night arrived,

(As you pull the slide)

NARRATOR (continued)
Kusano Jirō of Karatsu and others

Card 9
NARRATOR (continued)
Each started rowing small boats and ambushed the enemy at night with their skillful tactics. Kōno Michiari was a brave samurai who promised to launch a campaign himself to conquer the Mongols if they didn’t come to Japan to attack within ten years after the first invasion.

How could they waste their time?

(As you pull the slide)

NARRATOR (continued)
He led two junior samurai, rode two small boats, and approached an enemy ship.

Card 10
NARRATOR (continued)
They quickly filled the mast and climbed up to the ship.

KŌNO MICHIARI
Men, follow me.

NARRATOR
Seeing this brave behavior, the enemy started running away in dismay.

SOLDIERS
Let's follow the general closely.

NARRATOR
Some shot arrows and jumped in the middle of the counter-attacking enemy.

(Pull the slide.)

Card 11
NARRATOR (continued)
Fortunately, they didn't get hit. They pushed down, decapitated, and stepped on the enemy. Before you knew it, there was a mound of dead bodies.

The old and new Japanese armies alike always fight bravely. Some of the enemy screamed and asked for help, and others jumped into the sea out of fear. Mongol soldiers were attacked and injured. Now the only person Kōno Michiari aimed at was the enemy general.

(As you pull the slide)

NARRATOR (continued)
He jumped on the general and grabbed him by the neck.

Card 12
KŌNO MICHIARI
I, Kōno Michiari, captured the enemy general alive. Let us withdraw.

NARRATOR
His junior samurai retreated like a tidal wave and hopped onto their small boats. Our army's morale rose once again.

(As you pull the slide quietly)

NARRATOR (continued)
In this way, our army would not allow the enemy to land on Japanese soil. However, although the enemy withdrew to the naval battle, their weak spot, the fight continued to be a seesaw struggle. Both sides were desperate.

Card 13
NARRATOR (continued)
Enemy surrendered.
Peace returned to Japan.
A drop of water, a pinch of soil, there is nothing that is not owed [to the Emperor Emeritus]. Even when the enemy tried to attack our country, every citizen rose in response to the brave soldiers on the frontlines and their desperate fight. Let's have this belief in our victory deeply engraved in our hearts and consolidate our home front efforts for the war. At towns, villages, mountains, countryside, and seashores, every Japanese citizen prays to heaven and swears to the ground that we will conquer this national challenge and render our service to the [Emperor Emeritus'] benevolence.

(Pull the slide quietly.)

Card 14
TOKIMUNE
Our Japan is a land of gods. Gods created this country. Gods govern this land. Gods protect this noble country. Why should we be scared of enemies even if they number in the hundreds and thousands? Justice resides with us. A victory is present in Japan, a land of gods.

NARRATOR
The stern Tokimune cannot be swayed.
Homefront citizens were reliable, and the brave soldiers on the frontline were even more inspired.

(As you pull the slide)

NARRATOR (continued)
The battle lasted for two months.

Card 15
NARRATOR (continued)
Newly refreshed enemy troops from Jiang Nan.
One hundred thousand of them and 3500 enemy ships arrived in late July. The eastern unit, which once withdrew, joined this force. Their courage increased a hundred times. This time they were determined to land on Japan and annihilate the Japanese army by shooting stone fire arrows. They proceeded again to Hakata Bay on July 29th.

(As you pull the slide)

NARRATOR (continued)
However, a storm started in the evening.

Card 16
KŌNO MICHIARI
Michitada, it seems there is a massive storm outside.

NARRATOR
Michiari, looking confidently at his energetic 20-year-old son, said

KŌNO MICHIARI
It has already been two months since we started this battle with the Mongols. Let's rid the enemy to the end, however many years it will take. If I die in the war, climb over my dead body, and avenge your father.

MICHITADA
Yes. I will work so as not to disgrace you as your child.

NARRATOR
As the night deepened, the storm outside became increasingly intense.
(Pull the slide quickly.)

Card 17
IMAI KURŌ
Sir, sir. The enemy… the enemy army…

KŌNO MICHIARI
Oh, Kurō. What’s the matter? Don't worry. Stay in bed quietly. You’re wounded.

KURŌ
No Sir. I cannot stay in bed. This is but a scratch, I cannot rest in bed. What is this furious sound outside amid the torrential rain?

KŌNO MICHIARI
What? What is that?

(As you pull the slide)

KŌNO MICHIARI (continued)
Oh, the massive sound!

Card 18
(A pause)
KŌNO MICHIARI
Kamikaze! The divine wind!

NARRATOR
Oh, the divine wind blows.
Every God becomes a cloud, wind, thunder, and rain. They all come together to attack our country's enemy and capsize the enemy ships.
Kamikaze blusters at the gods’ will.

(A pause)

(As you pull the slide)

NARRATOR (continued)
The divine wind blustered all around in the Hakata Bay, and wiped away the evil from this country.

Card 19
NARRATOR (continued)
July 1st, 1281 gloriously started.
(A short pause)
This is the reign of Kameyama Emperor Emeritus, who received the news that the enemy was annihilated.
Peaceful spring came to Japan through ocean waves from all directions.

Under Hōjō Tokimune’s leadership, every citizen united and achieved this great victory for the sacred [Emperor Emeritus]. End.

Scope and contents

Torii Kiyonobu 鳥居 淸言 (artist); Adachi Naojirō 足立 直郎 (author); Suzuki Keizan 鈴木 景山 (editor); Nihon Kyōiku Kamishibai Kyōkai 日本敎育紙芝居協會 (producer); Nihon Kyōiku Gageki Kabushiki Kaisha日本教育画劇株式会社 (publisher)

Language

Japanese

Script

Japanese (alias for Han + Hiragana + Katakana)

Genre/form

Drama

Collection information

Collection title

Kamishibai collection

Collection ID

2018C32.12417284

Collection abstract

Japanese illustrated paper play sheets, intended primarily for children and women at the homefront and dealing with World War II propaganda themes.

Rights

No known restrictions.

Holding repository

Hoover Institution Library & Archives

Preferred citation

"敵国降伏 Tekikoku kōfuku" (Enemy surrendered), 1944 August 31, Kamishibai collection, Hoover Institution Library & Archives, https://n2t.net/ark:/54723/h3mc7f

Identifiers

Record ID

2018C32.00009

Permalink

https://n2t.net/ark:/54723/h3mc7f

RefID

eccf0a9b1dd7aa0ae113edd122cd2ae4

EZID

ark:/54723/h3mc7f

Digitization information

Imaging system

IQ180, Phase One

Capture date

2018-07-09T08:26:58-07:00